Kinetic Theory - The Liquid State

In the last lesson we saw that everything is made of particles which are constantly moving. We also found out that many of these particles are held together by bonds.
If the bonds are very strong then the particles can't move around much - and they form a solid.

Liquids

Liquids are also made out of particles - and these particles also have bonds between them. However the bonds that hold liquid particles together are much weaker than those in solids.

The particles in a liquid are always moving but they move around a lot more than in a solid.

liquid particles move about constantly

The liquid takes up the shape of the container that it is placed in; it will flow if the container is tilted; and the liquid can be poured into another container

 

Now answer these questions ...

  1. Liquids are made out of what ?
  2. Liquid particles are always doing what ?
  3. The particles in a liquid have very weak what between them ?
  4. A liquid will take up the shape of a what ?
  5. When a liquid is on a slope it will do what ?
  6. If you tip over a container of liquid - the liquid will do what ?
  7. Will a solid take up the shape of a container ?
  8. Do solid particles move around more or less than those in a liquid ?

You scored out of 8 on that test

solid ice changes state to liquid water when given heat

Liquids are half-way between solids and gases. If you give the particles in a liquid some energy (such as heat) then they might be able to change into a gas ... evaporation.

On the other hand, you can take some energy out of a liquid it may change into a solid ... freezing.

The particles in a solid have the least energy; gas particles have the most energy; and liquid particles are somewhere in between.

... and now these questions

  1. Liquid particles are always doing what ?
  2. If liquid particles are heated do they move more or less ?
  3. If you give heat energy to a liquid will it change into a gas or a solid ?
  4. What is the name of the process when a liquid changes into a gas ?
  5. If liquid particles lose energy do they move more or less ?
  6. When a liquid loses energy will it change into a gas or a solid ?
  7. What is the name of the process when a liquid changes into a solid ?
  8. Which particles have the most energy a solid, liquid or a gas ?

You scored out of 8 on that test